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The prevalance and incidence of stroke generally, and according to ethnic group, age group and sex are considered in this
section. Every year about 700,000 people in the USA have a new or recurrent stroke of which about 500, 000 are new strokes
and 200 000 are recurrent attacks.
About 40 000 more strokes occur in women than in men every year since the highest rates of stroke occur in the
oldest age groups and women tend to live longer than men. In younger age groups (45 - 54 years, for example)
more men than women are affected by strokes. A study in the USA indicated that the incidence of strokes is
highest in blacks, followed by hispanics and then whites.
Prevalance - US Data
The prevalance of TIAs in men is 2.7% for ages 65-69 and 3.6% for ages 75-79. A TIA or transient
ischaemic attack is a mini-stroke that lasts less than 24 hours. For women, TIA prevalance is 1.6% for ages
65-69 and 4.1% for ages 75-79.
From the early 1970s to early 1990s, the estimated number of noninstitutionalized stroke survivors increased from
1.5 to 2.4 million.
References:
American Heart Association. 2003 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update.
Muntner et al. Stroke 2002; 33 (5): 1209-1213.
Incidence
On average, every 45 seconds, someone in the United States has a stroke.
Each year, about 700,000 people experience a new or recurrent stroke. About 500,000 of these are first attacks, and
200,000 are recurrent attacks.
Each year about 40,000 more women than men have a stroke. This is because the average life-expectancy for women is
greater than for men, and the highest rates for stroke are in the oldest age groups. (Various studies, NINDS)
References:
American Heart Association. 2003 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update.
Muntner et al. Stroke 2002; 33 (5): 1209-1213.
References:
Adapted from: Wolf P, Kannel W. Controllable risk factors for stroke: prevention
implications of trends in stroke mortality. In: Meyer JS, Shaw T, eds. Diagnosis
and Management of Stroke and TIAs. Meno Park, CA: Addison-Wesley, 1982: 28-57.
Average Annual Stroke Incidence
Data from the Northern Manhattan Stroke Study clearly indicate that stroke risk differs in different races.
Black Americans have the highest risk followed by Hispanics, and white Americans have the lowest incidence.
Stroke mortality is reported to be higher in blacks than in whites, but incidence data for blacks and Hispanics
are sparse. This study aimed to determine and compare stroke incidence rates in whites, blacks, and Hispanics
living in the same urban community. All cases of first stroke occurring in Northern Manhattan, New York City,
between July 1, 1993, and June 30, 1996 were identified. In this population of approximately 210,000, stroke
incidence increased with age and was greater in men than in women. Blacks had a 2.4-fold and Hispanics a
2-fold higher stroke incidence compared with whites. Cerebral infarct accounted for 77% of all
strokes, intracerebral haemorrhage for 17%, and subarachnoid haemorrhage for 6%. These data suggest that
some of the reported excess stroke mortality among blacks in the USA reflects racial/ethnic differences
in stroke incidence.
Reference:
Sacco et al. Am J Epidemiol 1998; 147: 259-268. |
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